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Alexandrite is one of the rarest and most intriguing gemstones in the world. This fascinating stone changes color depending on the light—appearing green to bluish-green in daylight and shifting to a deep red or purplish-red under artificial lighting.
This unique optical phenomenon has earned alexandrite the nickname “Emerald by day, Ruby by night”. Its captivating beauty and rarity make it highly desirable among collectors and lovers of unusual gemstones.
1. History: The Gem of Russian Czars and Aristocracy
Alexandrite was first discovered in 1830 in the Ural Mountains of Russia, specifically in the tsarist emerald mines. According to legend, the gemstone was found on the birthday of Russian Grand Duke Alexander II, after whom it was named.
It quickly became a favorite gem of Russian nobility, as its colors—green and red—matched the official colors of Imperial Russia.
During the 19th century, alexandrite was believed to be a stone of power, fortune, and balance. Worn by aristocrats and military leaders, it was thought to bring success and protection.
Since the depletion of the original Ural deposits, natural Russian alexandrite has become extremely rare and is now considered a historical treasure.
2. Where Is Alexandrite Mined Today?
The original Russian sources have been nearly exhausted, but alexandrite is still mined in a few locations worldwide.
🌍 Russia (Ural Mountains) – The historical source, now extremely rare. Russian alexandrites exhibit the best color change and are highly sought after by collectors.
🌍 Sri Lanka – Produces lighter alexandrites, often with a subtler color transition.
🌍 Brazil – Brazilian alexandrites tend to be larger but may display a less dramatic color shift.
🌍 Madagascar, Tanzania, and India – Newer sources with varying quality of color change.
Due to its rarity, most alexandrite available today is synthetic, created in labs to replicate its natural optical properties.
3. Alexandrite in Legends: A Stone of Luck and Transformation
💎 A Symbol of Change and Adaptability – Due to its color-changing nature, alexandrite is seen as a gemstone of adaptability and emotional balance.
💎 The Gem of the Russian Czars – In Russia, alexandrite was believed to bring strength, courage, and protection to rulers.
💎 A Mystical Talisman – Many believed alexandrite’s shifting hues could reveal hidden truths and protect the wearer from harm.
💎 The Stone of Dual Identity – In metaphysics, alexandrite is associated with harmony between mind and heart—its green shade symbolizes intellect and growth, while its red shade represents passion and strength.
Because of these symbolic meanings, alexandrite is often recommended for those undergoing major life changes.
4. What Causes Alexandrite’s Color Change?
Alexandrite is a variety of chrysoberyl, and its unique optical effect is due to the presence of chromium.
This phenomenon, known as metamerism, occurs because alexandrite absorbs different wavelengths of light depending on the source:
🔹 Daylight (rich in blue spectrum) – The gemstone appears green to bluish-green.
🔹 Artificial light (rich in red spectrum) – The gemstone shifts to red or purplish-red.
The stronger and more distinct the color shift, the more valuable the alexandrite.
5. How to Care for Alexandrite?
Alexandrite is a very hard gemstone (8.5 on the Mohs scale), making it more durable than most gems except diamond, sapphire, and ruby.
🔹 Clean with a soft cloth and mild soapy water.
🔹 Ultrasonic cleaners are safe if the stone has no fractures.
🔹 Store separately from other gemstones to avoid scratches.
🔹 Avoid prolonged exposure to direct sunlight, as it may cause fading over time.
Due to its durability, alexandrite is an excellent choice for engagement rings and everyday jewelry.
6. The World’s Most Famous Alexandrites
💎 "Whitney Alexandrite" – A 17.08-carat alexandrite displayed at the Smithsonian Institution.
💎 "Tsar Alexander II’s Gem" – A legendary alexandrite reportedly owned by the Russian emperor.
💎 "Brazilian Alexandrite ‘Green Fire’" – One of the largest natural alexandrites, weighing over 60 carats.
"Whitney Alexandrite" – A 17.08-carat alexandrite displayed at the Smithsonian Institution
7. Why Choose Alexandrite?
✅ One of the rarest gemstones in the world.
✅ Magical color change – Emerald green by day, ruby red by night.
✅ Rich history and mysticism – A favorite among Russian aristocracy and a symbol of good fortune.
✅ Highly durable, making it perfect for everyday wear.
💎 Looking to own an alexandrite that is not only visually stunning but also one of the most unique gemstones in the world?
Explore our exclusive collection of natural and certified alexandrites.